22 Jan 1905-16 June 1907
The Revolution of 1905 was the Russian people’s first open clash with the tsar. It gave Russians their first civil rights, over a century later than in the West.
Odessa Port Burned By Mobs During Days of Unrest and the Potemkin Mutiny. Photographer unknown (June 1905)
Background
Already at the end of the 19th century, political parties were secretly formed.
• Constitutional Democratic Party (Kadets)
• Socialist-Revolutionary Party (SRs)
• Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (Mensheviks and Bolsheviks)
Revolution of 1905
The events of Bloody Sunday triggered a wave of spontaneous violence everywhere in Russia. Manors were burned and aristocrats were killed by peasants.
There was a mutiny on Battleship Potemkin in 1905. Everywhere around Russia workers formed Soviets. St. Petersburg Soviet of Workers’ Delegates was the most notable. Its elected leader was Leon Trotsky.
October Manifesto
As a result, Nicholas II was forced to make some liberal reforms to restore order. Prime Minister Sergey Witte prepared the October Manifesto, which granted people civil liberties and the first legislative body, the Duma. The so-called October Manifesto was presented 30 October 1905. The next step was to be a constitutional monarchy.
In 1906-07, the first and second democratically elected Dumas were dissolved by the tsar. In 1907 the new Prime Minister Pyotr Stolypin manipulated the law of election as long as he got the third Duma under his control.
Revolution of 1905
22 Jan 1905-16 June 1907
The Revolution of 1905 was the Russian people’s first open clash with the tsar. It gave Russians their first civil rights, over a century later than in the West.
Odessa Port Burned By Mobs During Days of Unrest and the Potemkin Mutiny. Photographer unknown (June 1905)
Background
Already at the end of the 19th century, political parties were secretly formed.
• Constitutional Democratic Party (Kadets)
• Socialist-Revolutionary Party (SRs)
• Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (Mensheviks and Bolsheviks)
Revolution of 1905
The events of Bloody Sunday triggered a wave of spontaneous violence everywhere in Russia. Manors were burned and aristocrats were killed by peasants.
There was a mutiny on Battleship Potemkin in 1905. Everywhere around Russia workers formed Soviets. St. Petersburg Soviet of Workers’ Delegates was the most notable. Its elected leader was Leon Trotsky.
October Manifesto
As a result, Nicholas II was forced to make some liberal reforms to restore order. Prime Minister Sergey Witte prepared the October Manifesto, which granted people civil liberties and the first legislative body, the Duma. The so-called October Manifesto was presented 30 October 1905. The next step was to be a constitutional monarchy.
In 1906-07, the first and second democratically elected Dumas were dissolved by the tsar. In 1907 the new Prime Minister Pyotr Stolypin manipulated the law of election as long as he got the third Duma under his control.
Pyotr Stolypin